Emission Standards for Brick Kilns

Introduction

Brick production is a very large and long-established industry in India. The brick sector in India, which is not governed in a proper way or as per the guidelines of central government/state government, although, is tremendous in size. India is the second-largest brick producer in the world. Now, it is an established fact that brick industries in some parts of India are one the major contributors of air pollutants in the environment. The brick kiln industry is an established or demanding industry as the demand for bricks is increasing almost universally due to fast economic growth. Most of the brick kilns use Assam coal, Slack coal, and/or lignite which contain a high level of sulphur and high ash content, about 70 % of coal, 24% sawdust, and the remaining 6% wood, and others are used fuel by brick kilns.

Table of Contents

Introduction
Types of Brick Kilns
Sources of Emission

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Types of Brick Kilns

Hoffman Kiln
Bull’s trench kiln
Down-Draft kiln
Vertical shaft kiln

Sources of Emission

Stack Height
Fugitive Emission
- During charging of fuel
- Crushing of coal
- Clay excavation
- Loading and Unloading of Bricks
- Laying and removal of dust/ash layer over brick setting
- Cleaning of the bottom of trench/side flues
- During high winds

For more details, please visit http://www.moef.nic.in/sites/default/files/Brick Kilns.PDF

In exercise of the powers conferred by section 6 and 25 of the environment (Protection) Act1986 (29 of 1986), the central government makes a rule for the Brick Kiln.

Emission Standards for Brick kilns:

Industry	ParameterStandards		Standards
Emission Standards
Brick Kilns	Bull’s Trench Kiln (BTK)
	Particulars	Category	Limiting concertation in mg/Nm³
	Particular matter	Small Medium Large	1000 750 750
	Minimum (meter)
	Stack height	Small Medium large Trench width(m)	22 or induced draft fan operating with minimum draft of 50 mm WG with 12-meter stack height. 27 or included draft fan operating with a minimum draft of 50mm WG with 15-meter stack height 30 or included draft fan operating with minimum draft 50 mm WG with 17-meter stack height. Production ( bricks/day)
	Small BTK	<4.50	Less than 15000
	Medium BTK	4.50-6.75	15000-30000
	Large BTK	Above 6.75	Above 30,000
	Down-Draft Kiln (DDK)
	Particulars	Category	Limiting Concentration in mg/Nm³
	Particulate matter	Small/large/medium	1200
	Minimum (meter)
	Stack height	Small Medium Large	12 15 18
	Particulars	Category	Production(bricks/day)
	DDK	Small Medium Large	Less than 15000 15000-30000 Above 30000
	Vertical Shaft kiln (VSK)
	Particulars	Category	Limiting Concentration in mg/Nm³
	Particular matter	Small/large/medium	250
	Minimum (meter)
	Stack height	Small Medium Large	11 (at least 5.5 m from loading platform) 14 (at least 7.5 m from loading Platform) 16 (at least 8.5m from loading platform)
	Category	Number of shifts	Production (bricks/day)
	Small VSK Medium VSK Large VSK	1-3 4-6 7 or more	Less than 15000 15000-30000 Above 30,000

For more information about Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) Click here Delhi Pollution Control Committee

For more information about State Pollution Board Click here State Pollution Board

Notes.

Gravitational Settling Chamber Along with Fixed Chimney of appropriate height shall be provided for all Bull’s Trench Kilns
One chimney per shaft in Vertical Shaft Kiln shall be provided. The two chimneys emanating from a shaft either be joined (at the Loading Platform in case of the brick chimney or at the appropriate level in case of the metal chimney) to form a single chimney.
The above standards shall be applicable for different Kilns if coal, firewood and/or agricultural residues are used as fuel

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