Construction and Demolish Waste Authorization

Construction and demolition waste (C&D) mainly consists of debris collected during demolition, construction, and renovation of buildings. This type of waste, mostly in bulk and heavy materials, such as concrete, brick, wood, metals, glass, and salvaged building components, contains a mixture of mineral and non-mineral materials. To conserve environmental and natural resources, recycling as much C&D waste is highly desired.

The construction industry is responsible for a large part of the solid waste stream in India. The materials in construction waste are typically bulky and heavy, they are not suitable to be disposed of or landfilled at a landfill site which often has limited space available. The disposal cost can be very high due to the transportation cost to haul the debris away. Moreover, it is environmentally unfriendly to transport these wastes over long distances to a landfill site (sometimes hundreds of miles away) for disposal.

Because of the different types of building materials, This waste category is significant.

Major components

• Cement concrete
• Bricks 
• Cement plaster
• Steel (from RCC, door/window frames, roofing support, railings of the staircase, etc.)
• Rubble • Stone (marble, granite, sandstone)
• Timber/wood (especially demolition of old buildings)

Minor components

• Conduits (iron, plastic)
• Pipes (GI, iron, plastic)

The process of construction and demolition waste includes

• Receiving of Construction and Demolition Waste at site
• Weighing
• Grading(loose soil to landfill and road building)
• Processing/Sizing unit/breaking
• Output (different sizes of aggregates, road building, landfill, used in the making of blocks and tiles, Ready Mix concrete).

At first glance, the handling of c&d waste may seem to be a simple and easy task. However, an experienced business owner or manager understands the complexity of the process. The transportation and collection of construction and demolition waste is often not a problem for those involved in this industry, because they know what to do with it, but for those who enter this business for the first time, it is more difficult to understand and organize. So take expert help.

Reuse And Recycling of Construction and Demolition Waste

The separation and condition of the separated material determine how these materials are used. The majority of these materials are long-lasting and hence have a high chance of being reused. on the other hand,  Quality criteria for recycled materials would be beneficial. The following methods can be used with construction and demolition waste:

• Bricks, stone slabs, lumber, conduits, piping railings, and other materials should be reused (on-site) to the extent practicable and depending on their condition.
• Material that cannot be used on-site due to design concerns or changes in design is sold or auctioned.
• Plastics, broken glass, scrap metal, and other materials can be used by industries.

Disposal of Construction and Demolition Waste

Construction and demolition waste does not pollute the environment and is not generated chemically or biochemically as it is mostly inert. As a result, every effort should be made to reuse and recycle them as much as possible. Lower areas can be filled and leveled with this material. In industrialized countries, dedicated landfills for inert waste, which are commonly found in abandoned mines and quarries, are sometimes developed. The same can be done in our country for open mining quarries or cities near quarries, where sand is usually used as a filler material. However, the physical and chemical characteristics of the material require a suitable sample to assess its suitability for use in a particular situation.

Duties of Waste Generators

Construction and demolition waste must be separated and deposited at a collection center or turned over to authorized processing businesses.

• To avoid blocking traffic, the public, or drains, shall ensure that there is no garbage or deposition.
• Before beginning building, demolition, or remodeling work, large generators (those that generate more than 20 tonnes in one day or 300 tonnes per project in a month) must submit a waste management plan and obtain relevant approvals from the local authorities.
• Large generators must have an environmental management plan in place to address the environmental challenges that may arise as a result of the construction, deconstruction, storage, transportation, and disposal/reuse of C & D waste.

Construction and demolition waste should be collected, transported, immediately stored (if necessary), utilized, and disposed of through a proper institutional mechanism. The Sanitary Department or the Health Department is in charge of municipal garbage in some municipalities, whereas the Engineering or Planning Department is in charge of building and demolition waste. In such cases, it is critical that either the Solid Waste Management Department be allocated to the collection of construction and demolition waste, or that these departments collaborate closely.

There are many benefits to reducing your construction and demolition waste. These include:

• Reducing your costs
• Reducing demand for new materials
• Improving local sustainability, particularly if you use a local waste management company
• Dismantling or deconstruction of buildings, structures, or other works
• Excavating earth materials including dredging activities
• Unloading ships carrying earth materials such as sand, soil, or gravel

List of documents required while applying for Authorization under Construction & Demolition Waste Management

• Copy of Consent To establish from Pollution Control Board.
• Application for obtaining Authorization in Form-I
• Flow Chart and a brief description of the process.
• Project Report
• Copy of Agreement with concerned local bodies with operator along with Proof of Land use

• The facility's operator must obtain permission from the State Pollution Control Board or the Pollution Control Committee.
• The processing/recycling facility must be located away from residential clusters, forest areas, water bodies, monuments, National Parks, Wetlands, and other cultural, historical, or religiously important locations.